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This article explains how to install the Microsoft ODBC Driver for SQL Server on Linux. It also includes instructions for the optional command-line tools for SQL Server (bcp and sqlcmd) and the unixODBC development headers.

This article provides commands for installing the ODBC driver from the bash shell. If you want to download the packages directly, see Download ODBC Driver for SQL Server.

Microsoft ODBC 17

The following sections explain how to install the Microsoft ODBC driver 17 from the bash shell for different Linux distributions.

Important

If you installed the v17 msodbcsql package that was briefly available, you should remove it before installing the msodbcsql17 package. This will avoid conflicts. The msodbcsql17 package can be installed side by side with the msodbcsql v13 package.

Alpine Linux

Note

Driver version 17.5 or higher is required for Alpine support.

Debian

Note

You can substitute setting the environment variable 'ACCEPT_EULA' with setting the debconf variable 'msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA' instead: echo msodbcsql17 msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA boolean true sudo debconf-set-selections

Red Hat Enterprise Server and Oracle Linux

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server

Ubuntu

Note

  • Driver version 17.2 or higher is required for Ubuntu 18.04 support.
  • Driver version 17.3 or higher is required for Ubuntu 18.10 support.

Note

You can substitute setting the environment variable 'ACCEPT_EULA' with setting the debconf variable 'msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA' instead: echo msodbcsql17 msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA boolean true sudo debconf-set-selections

Previous versions

The following sections provide instructions for installing previous versions of the Microsoft ODBC driver on Linux. The following driver versions are covered:

ODBC 13.1

The following sections explain how to install the Microsoft ODBC driver 13.1 from the bash shell for different Linux distributions.

Debian 8

RedHat Enterprise Server 6

RedHat Enterprise Server 7

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

Ubuntu 15.10

Ubuntu 16.04

Ubuntu 16.10

ODBC 13

The following sections explain how to install the Microsoft ODBC driver 13 from the bash shell for different Linux distributions.

RedHat Enterprise Server 6

RedHat Enterprise Server 7

Ubuntu 15.10

Ubuntu 16.04

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

Offline installation

If you prefer/require the Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 to be installed on a computer with no internet connection, you will need to resolve package dependencies manually. The Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 has the following direct dependencies:

  • Ubuntu: libc6 (>= 2.21), libstdc++6 (>= 4.9), libkrb5-3, libcurl3, openssl, debconf (>= 0.5), unixodbc (>= 2.3.1-1)
  • Red Hat: glibc, e2fsprogs, krb5-libs, openssl, unixODBC
  • SUSE: glibc, libuuid1, krb5, openssl, unixODBC

Each of these packages in turn has their own dependencies, which may or may not be present on the system. For a general solution to this issue, refer to your distribution's package manager documentation: Redhat, Ubuntu, and SUSE

It is also common to manually download all the dependent packages and place them together on the installation computer, then manually install each package in turn, finishing with the Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 package.

Redhat Linux Enterprise Server 7

  • Download the latest msodbcsql.rpm from https://packages.microsoft.com/rhel/7/prod/.
  • Install dependencies and the driver.

Ubuntu 16.04

  • Download the latest msodbcsql.deb from https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/16.04/prod/pool/main/m/msodbcsql/.
  • Install dependencies and the driver.

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

  • Download the latest msodbcsql.rpm from https://packages.microsoft.com/sles/12/prod/.
  • Install the dependencies and the driver.

After you have completed the package installation, you can verify that the Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 can find all its dependencies by running ldd and inspecting its output for missing libraries:

ODBC 11

The following sections explain how to install the Microsoft ODBC driver 11 on Linux. Before you can use the driver, install the unixODBC driver manager. For more information, see Installing the Driver Manager.

Installation Steps

Important

These instructions refer to msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz, which is installation file for Red Hat Linux. If you are installing the Preview for SUSE Linux, the file name is msodbcsql-11.0.2260.0.tar.gz.

To install the driver:

  1. Make sure that you have root permission. Free microsoft office software for mac.

  2. Change to the directory where the download placed the file msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz. Make sure that you have the *.tar.gz file that matches your version of Linux. To extract the files, execute the following command, tar xvzf msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz.

  3. Change to the msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0 directory and there you should see a file called install.sh.

  4. To see a list of the available installation options, execute the following command: ./install.sh.

  5. Make a backup of odbcinst.ini. The driver installation updates odbcinst.ini. odbcinst.ini contains the list of drivers that are registered with the unixODBC Driver Manager. To discover the location of odbcinst.ini on your computer, execute the following command: odbc_config --odbcinstini.

  6. Before you install the driver, execute the following command: ./install.sh verify. The output of ./install.sh verify reports if your computer has the required software to support the ODBC driver on Linux.

  7. When you are ready to install the ODBC driver on Linux, execute the command: ./install.sh install. If you need to specify an install command (bin-dir or lib-dir), specify the command after the install option.

  8. After reviewing the license agreement, type YES to continue with the installation.

Installation puts the driver in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/11.0.2270.0. The driver and its support files must be in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/11.0.2270.0.

To verify that the Microsoft ODBC driver on Linux was registered successfully, execute the following command: odbcinst -q -d -n 'ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server'.

Uninstall

You can uninstall the ODBC driver 11 on Linux by executing the following commands:

  1. rm -f /usr/bin/sqlcmd

  2. rm -f /usr/bin/bcp

  3. rm -rf /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql

  4. odbcinst -u -d -n 'ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server'

Driver files

The ODBC driver on Linux consists of the following components:

ComponentDescription
libmsodbcsql-17.X.so.X.X or libmsodbcsql-13.X.so.X.XThe shared object (so) dynamic library file that contains all of the driver's functionality. This file is installed in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/lib64/ for the Driver 17 and in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/lib64/ for Driver 13.
msodbcsqlr17.rll or msodbcsqlr13.rllThe accompanying resource file for the driver library. This file is installed in [driver .so directory]./share/resources/en_US/
msodbcsql.hThe header file that contains all of the new definitions needed to use the driver.
Note: You cannot reference msodbcsql.h and odbcss.h in the same program.
msodbcsql.h is installed in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/include/ for Driver 17 and in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/include/ for Driver 13.
LICENSE.txtThe text file that contains the terms of the End-User License Agreement. This file is placed in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.
RELEASE_NOTESThe text file that contains release notes. This file is placed in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.

Resource file loading

The driver needs to load the resource file in order to function. This file is called msodbcsqlr17.rll or msodbcsqlr13.rll depending on the driver version. The location of the .rll file is relative to the location of the driver itself (so or dylib), as noted in the table above. As of version 17.1 the driver will also attempt to load the .rll from the default directory if loading from the relative path fails. The default resource file path on Linux is /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/share/resources/en_US/.

Troubleshooting

If you are unable to make a connection to SQL Server using the ODBC driver, see the known issues article on troubleshooting connection problems.

Next steps

After installing the driver, you can try the C++ ODBC example application. For more information about developing ODBC applications, see Developing Applications.

For more information, see the ODBC driver release notes and system requirements.

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本文介绍如何在 Linux 上安装 Microsoft ODBC Driver for SQL Server。This article explains how to install the Microsoft ODBC Driver for SQL Server on Linux.本文还包括有关 SQL Server 的可选命令行工具（bcp 和 sqlcmd）以及 unixODBC 开发标头的说明。It also includes instructions for the optional command-line tools for SQL Server (bcp and sqlcmd) and the unixODBC development headers.

本文提供了用于从 bash shell 安装 ODBC 驱动程序的命令。This article provides commands for installing the ODBC driver from the bash shell.如果要直接下载包，请参阅下载 ODBC Driver for SQL Server。If you want to download the packages directly, see Download ODBC Driver for SQL Server.

Microsoft ODBC 17Microsoft ODBC 17

以下部分介绍了如何从用于不同 Linux 分发版本的 bash shell 安装 Microsoft ODBC 驱动程序 17。The following sections explain how to install the Microsoft ODBC driver 17 from the bash shell for different Linux distributions.

重要

如果安装了暂时可用的 v17 msodbcsql 包，应先删除它，再安装 msodbcsql17 包。If you installed the v17 msodbcsql package that was briefly available, you should remove it before installing the msodbcsql17 package.这样可避免冲突。This will avoid conflicts.msodbcsql17 包可以与 msodbcsql v13 包并行安装。The msodbcsql17 package can be installed side by side with the msodbcsql v13 package.

Alpine LinuxAlpine Linux

备注

必须有驱动程序版本 17.5 或更高版本，才能获得 Alpine 支持。Driver version 17.5 or higher is required for Alpine support.

DebianDebian

备注

可以将设置环境变量“ACCEPT_EULA”替换为设置 debconf 变量“msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA”：echo msodbcsql17 msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA boolean true sudo debconf-set-selectionsYou can substitute setting the environment variable 'ACCEPT_EULA' with setting the debconf variable 'msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA' instead: echo msodbcsql17 msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA boolean true sudo debconf-set-selections

Red Hat Enterprise Server 和 Oracle LinuxRed Hat Enterprise Server and Oracle Linux

SUSE Linux Enterprise ServerSUSE Linux Enterprise Server

UbuntuUbuntu

备注

  • Ubuntu 18.04 支持需要 17.2 或更高版本的驱动程序。Driver version 17.2 or higher is required for Ubuntu 18.04 support.
  • Ubuntu 18.10 支持需要 17.3 或更高版本的驱动程序。Driver version 17.3 or higher is required for Ubuntu 18.10 support.

备注

可以将设置环境变量“ACCEPT_EULA”替换为设置 debconf 变量“msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA”：echo msodbcsql17 msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA boolean true sudo debconf-set-selectionsYou can substitute setting the environment variable 'ACCEPT_EULA' with setting the debconf variable 'msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA' instead: echo msodbcsql17 msodbcsql/ACCEPT_EULA boolean true sudo debconf-set-selections

以前的版本Previous versions

以下部分提供了有关在 Linux 上安装以前版本的的 Microsoft ODBC 驱动程序的说明。The following sections provide instructions for installing previous versions of the Microsoft ODBC driver on Linux.涵盖以下驱动程序版本：The following driver versions are covered:

ODBC 13.1ODBC 13.1

以下部分介绍了如何从用于不同 Linux 分发版本的 bash shell 安装 Microsoft ODBC 驱动程序 13.1。The following sections explain how to install the Microsoft ODBC driver 13.1 from the bash shell for different Linux distributions.

Debian 8Debian 8

RedHat Enterprise Server 6RedHat Enterprise Server 6

RedHat Enterprise Server 7RedHat Enterprise Server 7

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

Ubuntu 15.10Ubuntu 15.10

Ubuntu 16.04Ubuntu 16.04

Ubuntu 16.10Ubuntu 16.10

ODBC 13ODBC 13

以下部分介绍了如何从用于不同 Linux 分发版本的 bash shell 安装 Microsoft ODBC 驱动程序 13。The following sections explain how to install the Microsoft ODBC driver 13 from the bash shell for different Linux distributions.

RedHat Enterprise Server 6RedHat Enterprise Server 6

RedHat Enterprise Server 7RedHat Enterprise Server 7

Ubuntu 15.10Ubuntu 15.10

Ubuntu 16.04Ubuntu 16.04

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

脱机安装Offline installation

如果希望/需要在未连接 Internet 的计算机上安装 MicrosoftMicrosoft ODBC Driver 13，则需要手动解析包依赖项。If you prefer/require the MicrosoftMicrosoft ODBC Driver 13 to be installed on a computer with no internet connection, you will need to resolve package dependencies manually.MicrosoftMicrosoft ODBC Driver 13 具有以下直接依赖项：The MicrosoftMicrosoft ODBC Driver 13 has the following direct dependencies:

  • Ubuntu：libc6 (>= 2.21), libstdc++6 (>= 4.9), libkrb5-3, libcurl3, openssl, debconf (>= 0.5), unixodbc (>= 2.3.1-1)Ubuntu: libc6 (>= 2.21), libstdc++6 (>= 4.9), libkrb5-3, libcurl3, openssl, debconf (>= 0.5), unixodbc (>= 2.3.1-1)
  • Red Hat：glibc, e2fsprogs, krb5-libs, openssl, unixODBCRed Hat: glibc, e2fsprogs, krb5-libs, openssl, unixODBC
  • SUSE: glibc, libuuid1, krb5, openssl, unixODBCSUSE: glibc, libuuid1, krb5, openssl, unixODBC

所有这些包都具有自己的依赖项，这些依赖性可能会显示在系统上，也可能不会显示。Each of these packages in turn has their own dependencies, which may or may not be present on the system.有关此问题的常规解决方案，请参阅分发对应的包管理器文档：RedhatUbuntu 和 SUSEFor a general solution to this issue, refer to your distribution's package manager documentation: Redhat, Ubuntu, and SUSE

还有一种常见做法是，手动下载所有相关包并将其一起放置在安装计算机上，然后依次手动安装每个包，最后安装 MicrosoftMicrosoft ODBC Driver 13 包。It is also common to manually download all the dependent packages and place them together on the installation computer, then manually install each package in turn, finishing with the MicrosoftMicrosoft ODBC Driver 13 package.

Redhat Linux Enterprise Server 7Redhat Linux Enterprise Server 7

  • 从 msodbcsql``.rpm 下载最新的 https://packages.microsoft.com/rhel/7/prod/ 。Download the latest msodbcsql.rpm from https://packages.microsoft.com/rhel/7/prod/.
  • 安装依赖项和驱动程序Install dependencies and the driver.

Ubuntu 16.04Ubuntu 16.04

  • 从 msodbcsql``.deb 下载最新的 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/16.04/prod/pool/main/m/msodbcsql/ 。Download the latest msodbcsql.deb from https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/16.04/prod/pool/main/m/msodbcsql/.
  • 安装依赖项和驱动程序Install dependencies and the driver.

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

  • 从 msodbcsql``.rpm 下载最新的 https://packages.microsoft.com/sles/12/prod/ 。Download the latest msodbcsql.rpm from https://packages.microsoft.com/sles/12/prod/.
  • 安装依赖项和驱动程序。Install the dependencies and the driver.

完成包安装后，可以通过运行 ldd 并检查其输出是否缺少库来验证 MicrosoftMicrosoft ODBC Driver 13 是否可以找到其所有依赖项：After you have completed the package installation, you can verify that the MicrosoftMicrosoft ODBC Driver 13 can find all its dependencies by running ldd and inspecting its output for missing libraries:

ODBC 11ODBC 11

以下部分介绍如何在 Linux 安装 Microsoft ODBC 驱动程序 11。The following sections explain how to install the Microsoft ODBC driver 11 on Linux.安装 unixODBC 驱动程序管理器后才能开始使用该驱动程序。Before you can use the driver, install the unixODBC driver manager.有关详细信息，请参阅安装驱动程序管理器。For more information, see Installing the Driver Manager.

安装步骤Installation Steps

重要

这些说明参考了 Red Hat Linux 的安装文件 msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz。These instructions refer to msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz, which is installation file for Red Hat Linux.如果要安装适用于 SUSE Linux 的预览版，则文件名为 msodbcsql-11.0.2260.0.tar.gz。If you are installing the Preview for SUSE Linux, the file name is msodbcsql-11.0.2260.0.tar.gz.

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若要安装该驱动程序：To install the driver:

  1. 请确保具有根权限。Make sure that you have root permission.

  2. Amazon microsoft office for mac 2016. 转到下载放置文件 msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz 的目录。Change to the directory where the download placed the file msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz.确保所拥有的 *.tar.gz 文件与你的 Linux 版本匹配。Make sure that you have the *.tar.gz file that matches your version of Linux.若要提取文件，请执行以下命令：tar xvzf msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz。To extract the files, execute the following command, tar xvzf msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz.

  3. 转到 msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0 目录，你应在此处看到一个名为 install.sh 的文件 。Change to the msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0 directory and there you should see a file called install.sh.

  4. 若要查看可用安装选项的列表，请执行以下命令： ./install.sh。To see a list of the available installation options, execute the following command: ./install.sh.

  5. 创建 odbcinst.ini的备份。Make a backup of odbcinst.ini.驱动程序安装会更新 odbcinst.ini。The driver installation updates odbcinst.ini.odbcinst.ini 包含在 unixODBC 驱动程序管理器中注册的驱动程序列表。odbcinst.ini contains the list of drivers that are registered with the unixODBC Driver Manager.若要在计算机上发现 odbcinst.ini 的位置，请执行以下命令：odbc_config --odbcinstini。To discover the location of odbcinst.ini on your computer, execute the following command: odbc_config --odbcinstini.

  6. 安装该驱动程序之前，请执行以下命令：./install.sh verify。Before you install the driver, execute the following command: ./install.sh verify../install.sh verify 告的输出会报计算机中是否具有在 Linux 上支持 ODBC 驱动程序所需的软件。The output of ./install.sh verify reports if your computer has the required software to support the ODBC driver on Linux.

  7. 当你准备好在 Linux 上安装 ODBC 驱动程序时，请执行命令：./install.sh install。When you are ready to install the ODBC driver on Linux, execute the command: ./install.sh install.如果需要指定安装命令（bin-dir 或 lib-dir），请在“安装”选项后指定该命令 。If you need to specify an install command (bin-dir or lib-dir), specify the command after the install option.

  8. 查看许可协议之后，键入 YES 以继续安装。After reviewing the license agreement, type YES to continue with the installation.

安装会将驱动程序放在 /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/11.0.2270.0 中。Installation puts the driver in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/11.0.2270.0.驱动程序及其支持文件必须位于 /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/11.0.2270.0 中。The driver and its support files must be in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/11.0.2270.0.

若要验证 Linux 上的 Microsoft ODBC 驱动程序是否已成功注册，请执行以下命令：odbcinst -q -d -n 'ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server'。To verify that the Microsoft ODBC driver on Linux was registered successfully, execute the following command: odbcinst -q -d -n 'ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server'.

卸载Uninstall

通过执行以下命令，可以卸载 Linux 上的 ODBC 驱动程序 11：You can uninstall the ODBC driver 11 on Linux by executing the following commands:

  1. rm -f /usr/bin/sqlcmd

  2. rm -f /usr/bin/bcp

  3. rm -rf /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql

  4. odbcinst -u -d -n 'ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server'

驱动程序文件Driver files

Linux 上的 ODBC 驱动程序由以下组件构成：The ODBC driver on Linux consists of the following components:

组件Component说明Description
libmsodbcsql-17.X.so.X.X 或 libmsodbcsql-13.X.so.X.Xlibmsodbcsql-17.X.so.X.X or libmsodbcsql-13.X.so.X.X包含该驱动程序所有功能的共享对象 (so) 动态库文件。The shared object (so) dynamic library file that contains all of the driver's functionality.此文件安装在 ODBC Driver 17 的 /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/lib64/ 中和 ODBC Driver 13 的 /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/lib64/ 中。This file is installed in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/lib64/ for the Driver 17 and in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/lib64/ for Driver 13.
msodbcsqlr17.rll 或 msodbcsqlr13.rllmsodbcsqlr17.rll or msodbcsqlr13.rll驱动程序库的附带资源文件。The accompanying resource file for the driver library.此文件安装在 [driver .so directory]./share/resources/en_US/ 中This file is installed in [driver .so directory]./share/resources/en_US/
msodbcsql.hmsodbcsql.h头文件，它包含使用驱动程序所需的所有新定义。The header file that contains all of the new definitions needed to use the driver.
注意： 你无法在同一个程序中引用 msodbcsql.h 和 odbcss.h。Note: You cannot reference msodbcsql.h and odbcss.h in the same program.
msodbcsql.h 安装在 ODBC Driver 17 的 /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/include/ 中和 ODBC Driver 13 的 /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/include/ 中。msodbcsql.h is installed in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/include/ for Driver 17 and in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/include/ for Driver 13.
LICENSE.txtLICENSE.txt包含最终用户许可协议条款的文本文件。The text file that contains the terms of the End-User License Agreement.此文件位于 ODBC Driver 17 的 /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ 中和 ODBC Driver 13 的 /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/ 中。This file is placed in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.
RELEASE_NOTESRELEASE_NOTES包含发行说明的文本文件。The text file that contains release notes.此文件位于 ODBC Driver 17 的 /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ 中和 ODBC Driver 13 的 /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/ 中。This file is placed in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.

资源文件加载Resource file loading

驱动程序需要加载资源文件才能正常运行。The driver needs to load the resource file in order to function.此文件称为 msodbcsqlr17.rll 或 msodbcsqlr13.rll，具体取决于驱动程序版本。This file is called msodbcsqlr17.rll or msodbcsqlr13.rll depending on the driver version..rll 文件的位置与驱动程序本身的位置（so 或 dylib）相对，如上表中所述。The location of the .rll file is relative to the location of the driver itself (so or dylib), as noted in the table above.自版本 17.1 开始，如果从相对路径加载失败，驱动程序还将尝试从默认目录加载 .rll。As of version 17.1 the driver will also attempt to load the .rll from the default directory if loading from the relative path fails.Linux 上的默认资源文件路径是 /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/share/resources/en_US/。The default resource file path on Linux is /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/share/resources/en_US/.

故障排除Troubleshooting

如果无法使用 ODBC 驱动程序建立与 SQL Server 的连接，请参阅解决连接问题上的“已知问题”一文。If you are unable to make a connection to SQL Server using the ODBC driver, see the known issues article on troubleshooting connection problems.

后续步骤Next steps

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安装驱动程序后，可以尝试 C++ ODBC 示例应用程序。After installing the driver, you can try the C++ ODBC example application.有关开发 ODBC 应用程序的详细信息，请参阅开发应用程序。For more information about developing ODBC applications, see Developing Applications.

有关详细信息，请参阅 ODBC 驱动程序发行说明和系统要求。For more information, see the ODBC driver release notes and system requirements.